Detection of Nuclear Weapons and Materials: Science, Technologies, Observations

Abstract

Detection of nuclear weapons and special nuclear material (SNM, certain types of uranium and plutonium) is crucial to thwarting nuclear proliferation and terrorism and to securing weapons and materials worldwide. Congress has funded a portfolio of detection R&D and acquisition programs, and has mandated inspection at foreign ports of all U.S.-bound cargo containers using two types of detection equipment. Nuclear weapons contain SNM, which produces unique or suspect signatures that can be detected. It emits radiation, notably gamma rays (high-energy photons) and neutrons. SNM is very dense, so it produces a bright image on a radiograph (a picture like a medical x-ray) when x-rays or gamma rays are beamed through a container in which it is hidden. Using lead or other shielding to attenuate gamma rays would make this image larger. Nuclear weapons produce detectable signatures, such as radiation generated by or a noticeable image on a radiograph. Other detection techniques are also available.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Nov 06, 2008
Accession Number
ADA494333

Entities

People

  • Jonathan E. Medalia

Organizations

  • Library of Congress

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Biomedical
  • Energy and Power Technologies
  • Ground and Sea Platforms
  • Human Systems

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Chemical Reactions
  • Computers
  • Detection
  • Detectors
  • Fissile Materials
  • Gamma Rays
  • Materials Laboratories
  • Materials Processing
  • Materials Science
  • Nuclear Bombs
  • Nuclear Materials
  • Nuclear Reactors
  • Nuclear Weapons
  • Operating Systems
  • Test And Evaluation
  • Three Dimensional
  • Warning Systems

Fields of Study

  • Physics

Readers

  • Computer Vision.
  • Critical Infrastructure Protection in CBRN and WMD Threats.
  • Nuclear and Radiation Engineering.