A Theory of Special Operations: The Origin, Qualities, and Use of SOF

Abstract

As we enter the seventh year of the current conflict against violent-extremist terrorist networks, the importance of Special Operations Forces (SOF) in this fight remains crucial. SOF were the lead element in Afghanistan as the initial response to the 9/11 terror attacks. It is likely that U.S. leadership will increasingly turn to SOF, in conjunction with other government departments and agencies, to prosecute the campaign against violent extremists. In many ways, SOF will be the force of choice, because SOF skill sets and capabilities are optimized to conduct operations against these types of terrorist groups. Building on Rear Admiral William McRaven's seminal work "Spec Ops: Case Studies in Special Operations Warfare: Theory and Practice," Dr. Spulak expands McRaven's theory beyond direct action and small raid concepts and builds a theory of SOF looking at SOF as a whole and across the spectrum of operations. He focuses on SOF attributes and how they allow SOF to accomplish missions beyond the capabilities of conventional forces. Through the prism of the principles of war, the author argues that SOF's inherent capabilities allow them to overcome the risk and obstacles that would preclude conventional forces from undertaking the mission. The challenge today is how to focus SOF on these "special" missions. Throughout history, leaders have a tendency to overuse or misuse SOF. By the very nature of SOF attributes, SOF will always be a limited force vis-a-vis conventional forces. Consequently, care must be taken to use SOF where its special skills and capabilities are best suited.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Oct 01, 2007
Accession Number
ADA495521

Entities

People

  • Robert G. Spulak Jr.

Organizations

  • Sandia National Laboratories

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Biomedical
  • C4I
  • Energy and Power Technologies
  • Human Systems
  • Space

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Air Force
  • Air Power
  • Aircrafts
  • Combat Areas
  • Contingency Operations (Military)
  • Doctrine
  • Employment
  • Joint Military Activities
  • Military Force Levels
  • Military History
  • Military Organizations
  • Military Science
  • National Security
  • Seal Teams
  • Second World War
  • Terrorists
  • Warfare

Readers

  • Irregular Warfare and Special Operations Cyberspace Operations against Adversarial Threats.
  • Military History of the United States in the 20th Century.
  • Systems Analysis and Design