Transmission Dynamics and Prospective Environmental Sampling of Adenovirus In a Military Recruit Setting
Abstract
High levels of adenovirus morbidity among US military recruits have returned since the loss if the adenovirus vaccines in 1996. The transmission dynamics of adenovirus have never been well understood, complicating attempts to interrupt spread with preventive methods. Methods Enrollment and end-of-study samples were taken and active surveillance for febrile respiratory illnesses performed on 341 recruits and support personnel. Simultaneously, surface and air samples were collected. Classic cell culture, serology, and a high-throughput advanced diagnostic technique were employed in laboratory processing. Results Seventy-nine percent (213/271) of new recruits were seronegative to either adenovirus serotype 4 (Ad-4) or serotype 7 (Ad-7). Febrile respiratory illness caused by Ad-4 was captured in 25% (67/271) of enrolled recruits, with 100% occurring in individuals with enrollment titers <1:4. Recruits seropositive to Ad-4 increased from 34% at enrollment to 97% by study end. Environmental signals for adenovirus were most commonly encountered on pillows, lockers, and rifles. Conclusions New insights on adenovirus transmission among US military recruits were acquired through this study. These data will be useful as new adenovirus vaccine safety and efficacy trials are embarked upon. New high-throughput technologies show promise in providing valuable data on pathogen presence and burden for both clinical and research applications.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Oct 05, 2005
- Accession Number
- ADA496787
Entities
People
- A. E. Kajon
- C. B. Morn
- D. J. Ecker
- E. Moradi
- K. L. Russell
- L. B. Blyn
- M. A. Osuna
- M. A. Ryan
- M. P. Broderick
- N. E. Freed
- P. E. Kammerer
- S. E. Franklin
Organizations
- Naval Health Research Center