On Near-Field w-Projection for Radio Interferometric Imaging

Abstract

This paper serves to elucidate the mathematical steps needed to apply near-field imaging over a significant (angular) area of regard, with specific application to the receiving sites of the Air Force Space Surveillance System (AFSSS, "Space Fence"). Cornwell has developed the mathematical formalism to merge near-field imaging with imaging over a wide field of view. The traditional far-field, narrow field-of-view imaging developed in radio astronomy can be extended to wide fields of view by taking into account the three-dimensional nature of the receiving array (the so-called "w term"), leading to a method called "w-projection." This w-projection method has the effect of retaining a Fresnel term in the imaging process, and Cornwell sketched how this w-projection might also be applicable to near-field imaging. For the Space Fence receiving sites, the near field is located at an altitude of approximately 1000 km. I illustrate how a near-field, w-projection imaging could be implemented for determining the direction cosines of radar reflections from a system like the Space Fence.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
May 12, 2009
Accession Number
ADA503095

Entities

People

  • Joseph Lazio

Organizations

  • United States Naval Research Laboratory

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Materials and Manufacturing Processes
  • Sensors
  • Space

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Air Force
  • Altitude
  • Artificial Satellites
  • Astronomy
  • Coordinate Systems
  • Data Acquisition
  • Far Field
  • Grids
  • Interferometers
  • Near Field
  • Observation
  • Radar Reflections
  • Radio Astronomy
  • Solar System
  • Space Surveillance
  • Three Dimensional
  • Two Dimensional

Fields of Study

  • Physics

Readers

  • Phased Array Antenna Design.
  • Radar Systems Engineering.
  • Systems Analysis and Design

Technology Areas

  • Space
  • Space - Space Objects