A Simple Underwater Imaging Model

Abstract

It is commonly known that underwater imaging is hindered by both absorption and scattering by particles of various origins. However, evidence also indicates that the turbulence in natural underwater environments can cause severe image-quality degradation. A model is presented to include the effects of both particle and turbulence on underwater optical imaging through optical transfer functions to help quantify the limiting factors under different circumstances. The model utilizes Kolmogorov-type index of refraction power spectra found in the ocean, along with field examples, to demonstrate that optical turbulence can limit imaging resolution by affecting high spatial frequencies. The effects of the path radiance are also discussed.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Oct 09, 2009
Accession Number
ADA507107

Entities

People

  • Weilin W. Hou

Organizations

  • United States Naval Research Laboratory

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Air Platforms
  • C4I

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Air Force
  • Diffraction
  • Environment
  • Frequency
  • Military Research
  • Optical Properties
  • Particles
  • Power Spectra
  • Radiance
  • Refraction
  • Refractive Index
  • Scattering
  • Spectra
  • Transfer Functions
  • Turbulence
  • Waveforms

Fields of Study

  • Physics

Readers

  • Acoustical Oceanography.
  • Atmospheric Science / Meteorology, specifically Wind Wave Turbulence.
  • Image Processing and Computer Vision.