Analytical Study of Battle Strategies Used at Marathon (490 BCE)

Abstract

This battle analysis examines the function of strategic leadership in the defeat of the Persians at the battle of Marathon. Development of a victorious strategy depends upon a clear understanding of the objective(s) and must include an accurate appraisal of one's assets and limitations as well as those of the enemy. Ultimately, a strategy must exploit one's strengths against an opponent's limitations by incorporating historical knowledge and adjusting to changes for current circumstances. Political and military leaders charged with formulating strategy operate in a world devoid of absolute knowledge and are forced to make assumptions on how their adversary will act or react. They understand completely the numerous factors that will affect a strategic performance. To accomplish a desired strategic result from a selected strategy requires visionary leadership. When countries go to war, strategic leadership is the one true thing that can unite a country and hold it together. The Athenians' actions at Marathon are most notable. Against the Persians, they lacked power to negotiate and were at a significant strategic disadvantage. Superior leadership was directly responsibility for the Athenian victory. Despite her strategic limitations, Athens would defy an Empire and furnish the Persians a crushing defeat.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Mar 01, 2010
Accession Number
ADA520110

Entities

People

  • Edward J. Siegfried

Organizations

  • United States Army War College

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Energy and Power Technologies
  • Ground and Sea Platforms
  • Human Systems
  • Weapons Technologies

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Aegean Sea
  • Armor
  • Army
  • Battles
  • Body Armor
  • Command And Control
  • Department Of Defense
  • Education
  • Governments
  • Navy
  • Ships
  • Terrain
  • Topography
  • Transport Ships
  • United States
  • War Colleges
  • Warfare

Readers

  • Military History of the United States in the 20th Century.
  • Strategic Security Studies