A Study of Solar Thermal Propulsion System Enhancement via Thermal Storage and Thermal-electric Conversion

Abstract

Solar thermal propulsion (STP) systems optimized for microsatellites offer thrust and specific impulse combinations that exceed the capabilities of similarly sized, conventional chemical and electrothermal rockets. Past research into STP has indicated these advantages, with the caveats that propulsion can only be augmented during insolation and that a thermal power system competes with the traditional electric power systems required to support other spacecraft components. An STP system augmented with thermal storage and thermal-to-electric conversion is suggested and analyzed as a means to bypass these drawbacks. Targeting a temperature level of 1500-2500 K via solar concentration, such a system can yield a high-performance microsatellite with superior thrust and specific impulse (Isp) levels. It is shown that a phase-change thermal storage material can potentially be used to significantly surpass the energy density of traditional battery-powered systems. Coupled to a thermal photovoltaic system for electrical power, such a system can provide the advantages of STP along with meeting the requirements of traditional satellite payloads. Combined with the other efficiency advantages offered by STP, such a system has the potential to significantly enhance the capabilities of microsatellite systems while reducing mass and launch costs or increasing payload fractions.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Mar 24, 2010
Accession Number
ADA521184

Entities

People

  • David B. Scharfe
  • Marcus Young

Organizations

  • Air Force Research Laboratory

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Energy and Power Technologies
  • Space

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Artificial Satellites
  • Carbon Carbon Composites
  • Ceramic Materials
  • Electric Power
  • Energy
  • Energy Bands
  • Energy Storage
  • Heat Energy
  • Heat Of Fusion
  • Heat Transfer
  • Material Degradation Processes
  • Materials
  • Materials Science
  • Payload
  • Propulsion Systems
  • Spacecraft
  • Thermal Propulsion Systems

Fields of Study

  • Physics

Readers

  • Electrical Engineering
  • Systems Analysis and Design
  • Thermal Physics or Thermal Science.

Technology Areas

  • Space
  • Space - Hall-Effect Thruster
  • Space - Satellites