In-vitro Retinal Model Reveals a Sharp Transition between Laser Damage Mechanisms

Abstract

We determined laser damage thresholds at 413 nm using a novel environmentally controlled enclosure and a previously described artificially pigmented RPE cell model. Exposure duration ranged from 0.1 to 200 s for a 0.3-mm beam, and 100 to 200 s for a 2.5-mm beam. We found substantial differences between the thresholds for the two beam sizes, which we attribute to a continuing thermal contribution with the larger beam. To better understand the transition from photothermal to photochemical mechanisms, damage from the 0.3-mm beam was assessed with greater temporal resolution between 20 to 100 s. The thresholds for all exposures between 0.1 and 60 s followed the same power function, indicating the same damage rate regardless of mechanism. However, the transition to pure photochemical damage (irradiance reciprocity) was characterized by a sudden 2-fold reduction in threshold value between the exposure durations of 60 and 100 s. Predicted temperature rise data from our thermal model support the theory of a significant thermal component in the damage generated by 60-s exposure. The thermal simulations also support the notion that laser beam diameter, in addition to wavelength and exposure duration, can influence when cells are damaged by purely photochemical means.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
May 07, 2010
Accession Number
ADA523201

Entities

People

  • C. D. Clark Iii
  • Gary D. Noojin
  • Kurt J. Schuster
  • Larry E. Estlack
  • Michael L. Denton
  • Michael S. Foltz
  • Robert J. Thomas

Organizations

  • Northrop Grumman

Tags

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Air Force
  • Air Force Research Laboratories
  • Biological Pigments
  • Cells
  • Damage
  • Diameters
  • Electronic Mail
  • Information Operations
  • Instrumentation
  • Laser Damage
  • Laser Pulses
  • Laser Safety
  • Mathematics
  • Military Research
  • Simulations
  • Transitions
  • Waveplates

Fields of Study

  • Physics

Readers

  • Mathematics or Statistics
  • Optical Physics and Photonics.
  • Vision Science/Vision Psychology/Cognitive Neuroscience.

Technology Areas

  • Directed Energy