Treatment with Tertiary Oximes Prevents Seizures and Improves Survival Following Sarin Intoxication
Abstract
The capability of the tertiary oximes, monoisonitrosoacetone (MINA) and diacetylmonoxime (DAM), to reactivate acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibited by sarin (GB) in the blood, brain, and peripheral tissues of guinea pigs was compared with that of the quaternary oximes 2-PAM, HL67, and MMB-4. Animals were injected subcutaneously (s.c.) with 1.0 x LDso of GB and treated intramuscularly (i.m.) 5 min later with one of these oximes. Sixty minutes after GB exposure, tissues were collected for AChE analysis. At low doses, MINA and DAM produced significant increases in AChE activity in all brain areas examined, but no significant AChE reactivation in peripheral tissues or blood. At higher doses, MINA and DAM increased AChE activity in the brain, peripheral tissues, and blood. In contrast, the quaternary oximes produced significant reactivation in peripheral tissues and blood AChE, but no significant reactivation of brain AChE.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Jan 01, 2010
- Accession Number
- ADA539548
Entities
People
- Jacob W. Skovira
- John C O'Donnell
- John H. McDonough
- Tsung-Ming Shih
Organizations
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense