Progression of Ocular Sulfur Mustard Injury: Development of a Model System

Abstract

Exposure of tissues to sulfur mustard (SM) results in the formation of protein and nucleotide adducts that disrupt cellular metabolism and cause cell death. Subsequent pathologies involve a significant pro inflammatory response, disrupted healing, and long-term defects in tissue architecture. Following ocular exposure, acute corneal sequelae include epithelial erosions, necrosis, and corneal inflammation. Longer term, a progressive injury becomes distributed throughout the anterior chamber, which ultimately causes a profound remodeling of corneal tissues. In many cases, debilitating and vision-threatening injuries reoccur months to years after the initial exposure. Preliminary data in humans suffering from chronic epithelial lesions suggest that thymosin 134 (Ti34) may be a viable candidate to mitigate acute or long-term ocular SM injury. To evaluate therapeutic candidates, we have developed a rabbit ocular exposure model system. In this paper, we report molecular, histological, ultrastructural, and clinical consequences of rabbit ocular SM injury, which can be used to assess Ti34 efficacy, including timepoints at which Ti34 will be assessed for therapeutic utility.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Jan 01, 2010
Accession Number
ADA539932

Entities

People

  • Denise Milhorn
  • Marian Nelson
  • Patrick M. McNutt
  • Tracey Hamilton

Organizations

  • United States Army Medical Research and Development Command

Tags

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Biomedical Research
  • Blood
  • Cardiovascular System
  • Cells
  • Cellular Structures
  • Chemical Warfare
  • Chemical Warfare Agents
  • Chemistry
  • Corneal Diseases
  • Electron Microscopy
  • Epithelial Cells
  • Epithelium
  • Eye
  • New York
  • Poisoning
  • Proteins
  • Therapy

Fields of Study

  • Medicine

Readers

  • Geochemistry
  • Neurotrauma and Rehabilitation Medicine.
  • Trauma Surgery or Emergency Medicine.