Constitutive Modeling, Nonlinear Behavior, and the Stress-Optic Law
Abstract
The stresses accompanying material flow can be calculated using constitutive equations, which relate the displacements and mechanical loads in terms that are independent of sample dimensions and geometry; that is, are material properties. Constitutive equations are essential for quantitative descriptions of polymer rheology and processing. Chapters 1 and 3 discussed the Rouse model for unentangled polymers and the tube model for entangled chains. There is an enormous literature devoted to constitutive models for the linear viscoelastic response of polymer solutions and entangled melts; however, nonlinear effects present additional challenges. Flow at high rates can reduce the degree of chain entanglement. A broad consideration of the nonlinear flow behavior of polymers is eschewed herein, with consideration limited primarily to aspects unique to elastomers and filler-reinforced rubber.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Jan 01, 2011
- Accession Number
- ADA542757
Entities
People
- Christophe P. A. Roland
Organizations
- United States Naval Research Laboratory