Crystallization of High Bulk Density Nitroguanidine

Abstract

Nitroguanidine (NQ) is an important high explosive widely used as a propellant. Conventionally, NQ is obtained as a long needle or rod shaped crystal that has a very low bulk density and cannot be used in propellant application. In this work, high bulk density NQ was obtained with a bulk density of 0.81 g/mL by controlled cooling of a supersaturated water solution of NQ containing methylcellulose and partially hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The dissolved NQ concentration in water solution containing methylcellulose and PVA was measured by following the absorption of infrared spectra, and the supersaturation level was calculated as the difference between the measured dissolved concentration and the solubility, also measured in the present work. Experiments were also conducted to obtain the kinetics of the crystallization. It appears from the experiments on kinetic studies that without the additives, the growth of the crystals in one direction is many times faster than other directions resulting in needle or rod shaped crystals, while the additives restrict the growth in that direction resulting in a more uniform growth in all directions.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Jun 01, 2011
Accession Number
ADA545344

Entities

People

  • Raghunath Halder
  • Reddy Damavarapu
  • Ruslan Mudryy
  • Victor Stepanov

Organizations

  • United States Army Armament Research, Development and Engineering Center

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Ground and Sea Platforms
  • Materials and Manufacturing Processes
  • Weapons Technologies

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Additives (Chemicals)
  • Biodegradable Plastics
  • Chemistry
  • Crystallization
  • Crystals
  • Explosives
  • High Explosives
  • Kinetics
  • Materials Laboratories
  • Materials Processing
  • Materials Science
  • Methyl Cellulose
  • Nitroguanidine
  • Polyvinyl Alcohol
  • Propellants
  • Spectra
  • Supersaturation

Readers

  • Agricultural Chemistry/Soil Science
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Materials Science and Engineering.