Molten Boron Phase-Change Thermal Energy Storage: Containment and Applicability to Microsatellites (Draft)

Abstract

Latent heat thermal energy storage systems promise nearly constant temperature operation and greater energy storage densities than sensible heat energy storage systems, but they are not yet commonly used in practice due to limitations in material degradation and heat transfer rates. Systems employing particular elemental materials with high melting temperatures appear to overcome these limitations, yielding significant performance increases, particularly in bimodal (thermal and electric) solar thermal power systems. A review of candidate materials has concluded that silicon is an excellent candidate for near term, moderate performance systems, while boron, the primary focus of this paper, is an excellent candidate material for future high-temperature, high performance systems suitable for advanced microsatellite solar thermal propulsion and power systems. General considerations for systems employing such materials have been identified, the required support technologies, including high temperature thermal insulation and thermal to electric power conversion, have been evaluated, and a preliminary design for a general system has been completed. Several potential applications have been identified for this technology; one of them, a solar thermal power and propulsion unit for a 100kg microsatellite, will be described in this paper. The preliminary analysis indicates that such a bimodal system would enable large delta V maneuvers for 100kg microsatellites while also producing the required electrical power. A solar thermal test facility for further evaluating such systems is described along with initial results from the build-up phase of the facility.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Jun 01, 2011
Accession Number
ADA546871

Entities

People

  • Anthony P. Pancotti
  • David B. Scharfe
  • Marcus P. Young
  • Matthew R. Gilpin

Organizations

  • Air Force Research Laboratory

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Air Platforms
  • Energy and Power Technologies
  • Space

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Aging (Materials)
  • Artificial Satellites
  • Astronautics
  • Ceramic Materials
  • Chemistry
  • Electric Power
  • Energy Storage
  • Heat Energy
  • Heat Transfer
  • Latent Heat
  • Material Degradation Processes
  • Materials Science
  • Solar Energy
  • Space Systems
  • Spacecraft
  • Thermal Propulsion Systems
  • Thermodynamics

Fields of Study

  • Physics

Readers

  • Electrical Engineering
  • Systems Analysis and Design
  • Thermal Physics or Thermal Science.

Technology Areas

  • Microelectronics