Sildenafil and Phosphodiesterase-5 Inhibitors to Reduce Cardiotoxicity and Enhance the Response of Breast Tumor Cells to Doxorubicin

Abstract

In the current work, we report that sildenafil does not protect breast tumor cells from adriamycin based on multiple assays (viable cell number, clonogenic survival, cell cycle distribution and DNA damage). Furthermore, clonogenic survival assays support the conclusion that sildenafil sensitizes breast tumor cells lacking functional p53 to Adriamycin. Since breast cancer frequently is shown to express mutant p53, these findings support the potential utility of sildenafil as a cardioprotectant that is unlikely to interfere with the antitumor actions of Adriamycin (or other chemotherapeutic agents; see previous report). Sildenafil does not increase Adriamycin toxicity to bone marrow cells or macrophages. Again, these findings indicate that sildenafil is unlikely to increase host toxicity of Adriamycin. Adriamycin has the capacity to produce multiple modes of cell death in the breast tumor cells. We now have evidence that Adriamycin also functions through the generation of free radicals to promote senescence. These findings raise questions relating to the selectivity of Adriamycin against the tumor cell versus the heart that require further exploration.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Mar 01, 2009
Accession Number
ADA548197

Entities

People

  • David A. Gewirtz

Organizations

  • Virginia Commonwealth University

Tags

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Biological Aging
  • Bone Marrow
  • Bone Marrow Cells
  • Bones
  • Breast Cancer
  • Cell Physiological Processes
  • Cells
  • Chemotherapeutic Agents
  • Demographic Cohorts
  • Free Radicals
  • Immune System
  • Macrophages
  • Neoplasms
  • Survival
  • Toxicity
  • Tumor Cell Line

Fields of Study

  • Biology

Readers

  • Immunology and Pathology
  • Oncology (Cancer Research).