Benefits of a Geosynchronous Orbit (GEO) Observation Point for Orbit Determination

Abstract

Determining orbits of unknown objects is a fundamental space situational awareness activity. The U.S. Space Surveillance Network (SSN) currently relies on ground-based radars, optical telescopes, and the Space Based Space Surveillance (SBSS) System. The SBSS system overcomes many of the pitfalls of optical ground-based systems like limited observation times (e.g. weather and time of day) and measurement uncertainty from atmospheric effects. However, the SBSS satellite is in a low earth orbit (630 km, sun synchronous), and must look "up" for GEO objects. This paper analyzes the potential benefits of a GEO observation point for performing metric observations that are combined with ground-based data. Several different scenarios are considered to quantify the reduction in orbit uncertainty from these types of observations. All results are derived using an Extended Kalman filter (EKF) to process the observations. Orbital uncertainties are expressed in terms of the error covariance.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Sep 01, 2011
Accession Number
ADA550688

Entities

People

  • Dave Bodette
  • Jeff Shaddix
  • Michael Griesmeyer
  • Ray Byrne
  • Ron Schmidt

Organizations

  • Sandia National Laboratories

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Sensors
  • Space

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Artificial Satellites
  • Computational Science
  • Coordinate Systems
  • Equations Of Motion
  • Filters
  • Geosynchronous Orbits
  • Geosynchronous Satellites
  • Ground Based
  • Kalman Filters
  • Mathematical Filters
  • Measurement
  • Observation
  • Orbital Elements
  • Orbits
  • Simulations
  • Space Based
  • Spacecraft

Fields of Study

  • Physics

Readers

  • Aerospace Engineering.
  • Astronomy and Astrophysics.
  • Positioning, Navigation, and Timing (PNT) Technology.

Technology Areas

  • Space
  • Space - Orbital Debris
  • Space - Space Objects