The Strength of Chemical Bonds in Solids and Liquids (Preprint)

Abstract

The strengths of chemical bonds between atoms are accurately measured and widely available for molecular gases, but it is remarkable that a method to quantify bond strengths in liquids and solids is not available and that the strengths of these bonds are generally unknown. We propose a new term, the condensed bond enthalpy (CBE), to specify the energy contained in bonds between atoms in condensed states. We develop an approach to quantify these bond strengths using bulk thermodynamic and crystallographic data, and apply it to generate a nearly complete set of elemental CBEs and a selection of CBEs between unlike metal atom pairs. We demonstrate the validity and utility of these values by applying them to several physical problems. The values reported here show a good predictive capability, and CBEs from this approach may give new insights into solution thermodynamics and emerging problems in the physical sciences.

Open PDF

Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Jul 01, 2011
Accession Number
ADA550858

Entities

People

  • Amanda Dahlman
  • Daniel B. Miracle
  • Garth B. Wilks
  • James E Dahlman

Organizations

  • Air Force Research Laboratory

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Air Platforms
  • Energy and Power Technologies

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Air Force
  • Air Force Research Laboratories
  • Chemical Bonds
  • Chemical Reactions
  • Chemistry
  • Crystal Structure
  • First Principles Calculations
  • Heat Energy
  • Heat Of Formation
  • Materials
  • Materials Science
  • Molecular Dynamics
  • Phase Diagrams
  • Phase Transformations
  • Thermochemistry
  • Thermodynamic Properties
  • Thermodynamics

Fields of Study

  • Chemistry
  • Physics

Readers

  • Computational Modeling and Simulation
  • Organic Chemistry
  • Reinforced Composite Materials