Methodology Report for H2SModel

Abstract

Hydrogen sulfide is similar in pathophysiology to cyanide in that it binds to mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase. By blocking oxidative respiration at the cellular level its effects are most evident in tissues with high metabolic demand such as the central nervous system, cardiovascular, and respiratory systems. The onset of signs and symptoms is rapid. Hydrogen sulfide also has local irritant effects, particularly upon the nose and membranes of the upper respiratory tract and the eyes. Physiological manifestations of H2S exposure may be quantified as a time-dependent severity vector described as increased time required to perform tasks owing to H2S-induced performance decrements as well as lethality. The model uses the time integral of agent concentration to calculate an internal "dose", then determines the severity vector based on the dose. Outcome probability can be estimated as the time course till the casualty returns to duty, or else dies. Although H2S has not knowingly been used in warfare, it is a toxic industrial chemical/toxic industrial material that could be used as a terrorist agent.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Jan 01, 2012
Accession Number
ADA555248

Entities

People

  • B. Asgharian
  • D. Crary
  • D. Oldson
  • G. Mcclellan
  • S. Watson

Organizations

  • Applied Research Associates (United States)

Tags

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Chemical Warfare Agents
  • Equations
  • Howitzers
  • Hydrogen
  • Hydrogen Sulfides
  • Lethality
  • Lung Diseases
  • Mass Transfer
  • Pain
  • Probability
  • Respiration
  • Respiration Disorders
  • Signs And Symptoms
  • Statistical Analysis
  • Sulfides
  • Tissues
  • Toxicity

Readers

  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Trauma or Military Medicine