Visualization and Analysis of Impact Damage in Sapphire

Abstract

This report reviews work carried out with the fully instrumented Edge-on Impact (EOI) facility at the Ernst-Mach-Institute (EMI), using a Cranz-Schardin high speed camera, modified for dynamic photoelasticity, to quantify stress wave propagation, damage nucleation and propagation during high velocity impacts. The experimental technique has been used to examine monolithic single crystal sapphire plates (100 mm x 100 mm x 10 mm) in crystallographically controlled directions impacted at about 400 m/s with both steel solid cylinders and spheres. The plates were impacted as follows: 100 mm x 100 mm large surface r-plane parallel to the a-axis; large surface a-plane parallel and perpendicular to the c-axis; large surface c-plane parallel to aaxis; and impacting perpendicular to r-plane small surface. In certain orientations damage propagation is clearly by macrocleavage with significant cleavage branching. The velocities of damage and cleavage propagation are presented.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Nov 01, 2011
Accession Number
ADA556724

Entities

People

  • Elmar Strassburger
  • James W. McCauley
  • Parimal Patel

Organizations

  • United States Army Research Laboratory

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Air Platforms
  • Weapons Technologies

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Bulletproof Glass
  • Cameras
  • Crystals
  • Failure Mode And Effect Analysis
  • High Speed Cameras
  • Impact Tests
  • Materials
  • Materials Science
  • Materials Testing
  • Military Research
  • Orientation (Direction)
  • Photographs
  • Single Crystals
  • Stress Waves
  • Stresses
  • Wave Propagation
  • Waves

Fields of Study

  • Physics

Readers

  • Explosive Engineering.
  • Materials Science and Engineering.
  • Structural Health Monitoring of Composite Structures.