Fighting Fire with Fire: Modeling the Datacenter-Scale Effects of Targeted Superlattice Thermal Management

Abstract

Local thermal hot-spots in microprocessors lead to worstcase provisioning of global cooling resources, especially in large-scale systems. However, efficiency of cooling solutions degrade non-linearly with supply temperature, resulting in high power consumption and cost in cooling - 50~100% of IT power. Recent advances in active cooling techniques have shown on-chip thermoelectric coolers (TECs) to be very efficient at selectively eliminating small hot-spots, where applying current to a superlattice film deposited between silicon and the heat spreader results in a Peltier effect that spreads the heat and lowers the temperature of the hot-spot significantly to improve chip reliability. In this paper, we propose that hot-spot mitigation using thermoelectric coolers can be used as a power management mechanism to allow global coolers to be provisioned for a better worst case temperature leading to substantial savings in cooling power. In order to quantify the potential power savings from using TECs in data center servers, we present a detailed power model that integrates on-chip dynamic and leakage power sources heat diffusion through the entire chip, TEC and global cooler efficiencies, and all their mutual interactions. Our multiscale analysis shows that, for a typical data center, TECs allow global coolers to operate at higher temperatures without degrading chip lifetime, and thus save 27% cooling power on average while providing the same processor reliability as a data center running at 288K.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Jan 01, 2011
Accession Number
ADA557846

Entities

People

  • Frederic T. Chong
  • Luke Theogarajan
  • Mohit Tiwari
  • Susmit Biswas
  • Timothy Sherwood

Organizations

  • Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Energy and Power Technologies

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Air Temperature
  • Cooling
  • Crystal Structure
  • Data Centers
  • Diffusion
  • Efficiency
  • Energy
  • Energy Consumption
  • Equations
  • Heat Energy
  • Heat Flux
  • Heat Transfer
  • Heat Transfer Coefficients
  • Hot Spots
  • Peltier Effect
  • Reliability
  • Simulations

Readers

  • Distributed Systems and Data Platform Development
  • Solar Photovoltaics and Thermoelectric Devices.
  • Thermal Physics or Thermal Science.