Chemistry of Singlet Oxygen [O2(a1DELTAg)] in the Upper Atmosphere

Abstract

This project completed the following objectives: - developed a method (based on technique pioneered by Dr A. Viggiano) to produce molecular oxygen in it's first electronically excited state; - produced an absolute calibration of the O2(a) concentration which showed the yield of O2(a) from the Cl2 generator ranged from 16 to 26%; - studied the reaction kinetics at 300 K of atomic Mg, Ca and Fe with O2(a) in a fast flow tube, where the metal atoms were produced either by thermal evaporation (Mg and Ca) or pulsed laser ablation (Fe), and then detected by laser induced fluorescence; - carried out high level electronic structure calculations to explore the potential energy surfaces for these metal atom + O2(a) reactions, as well as the reaction SiO + O2(a); Conclusions include: - the reaction Ca + O2(a) mostly occurs via recombination to produce CaO2(1A1), with a rate coefficient that is ~80 times larger than for the reaction Ca + O2(X). There is also limited switching through a conical intersection between singlet and triplet surfaces, leading to the bimolecular products CaO + O; - the reaction Mg + O2(a) occurs exclusively by recombination on a singlet surface, producing MgO2(1A1). The rate coefficient is ~4000 times larger than for the reaction Mg + O2(X). However, there are no surface crossings between the initial singlet and lower-lying triplet surfaces; - the reaction Fe + O2(a) produces FeO + O, although with a probability of only ~ 0.1%. There is no evidence for recombination, suggesting that this reaction proceeds mostly by near-resonant electronic energy transfer, producing O2(X) and Fe(a5F) (the lowest-lying excited state of Fe); - the reaction SiO + O2(a) has a significant barrier of 55 kJ mol-1 and also requires a singlet-triplet surface crossing in order to produce SiO2 + O; - the reaction Si(cation) + O2(a) is the most important removal process for Si cations in the daytime atmosphere between 85 and 107 km.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Feb 06, 2012
Accession Number
ADA562330

Entities

People

  • John M. Plane

Organizations

  • University of Leeds

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Advanced Electronics
  • Air Platforms
  • Energy and Power Technologies
  • Materials and Manufacturing Processes

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Ablation
  • Air Force Research Laboratories
  • Calibration
  • Chemical Kinetics
  • Chemical Reactions
  • Chemistry
  • Climate Change
  • Detection
  • Energy
  • Energy Transfer
  • Kinetics
  • Laser Induced Fluorescence
  • Lasers
  • Light Sources
  • Optical Properties
  • Oxygen
  • Potential Energy

Readers

  • Materials Science and Engineering.
  • Mathematics or Statistics
  • Molecular Photonics/Laser Physics

Technology Areas

  • Directed Energy
  • Directed Energy - Lasers
  • Microelectronics