Demonstration-Based Training: A Review of Instructional Features

Abstract

This article reviews instructional features used in demonstration-based training (DBT). The need for fast and effective training and performance support that can be accessed from anywhere is a growing need for organizations. DBT programs are one method to address these needs, but a better understanding of how to maximize the effectiveness of DBT activities is needed. Specifically, beyond the content of the demonstration (i.e., the dynamic example of task performance), what instructional features (i.e., information and activities in addition to the demonstration) can be used to improve the effectiveness of DBT interventions? The authors conducted a systematic review of the applied and basic science literatures relevant to DBT. Instructional features in DBT can be categorized according to the degree to which they encourage active learner involvement (i.e., active vs. passive), when they occur relative to viewing the demonstration (i.e., pre-, during-, and postdemonstration conditions), and the observational learning process they are intended to augment. Five categories of instructional features are described: passive guidance or support, preparatory activities, concurrent activities, retrospective activities, and prospective activities. There is a wide variety of instructional features used in DBT, but more systematic research is needed to understand the conditions under which each is most effective as well as to outline a method for sequencing of demonstration with other delivery methods, such as practice opportunities. Application: The framework presented in this article can help guide the systematic development of training systems incorporating DBT as well as provide a direction for future research.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Oct 01, 2010
Accession Number
ADA566060

Entities

People

  • Dan Fu
  • Davin Pavlas
  • Donald Lampton
  • Eduardo Salas
  • Michael A. Rosen
  • Randy Jensen

Organizations

  • Stottler Henke Associates

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Biomedical
  • Human Systems

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Acquisition
  • Applied Psychology
  • Cognition
  • Cognitive Science
  • Demonstrations
  • Human Factors Engineering
  • Human Systems Integration
  • Management Training
  • Motor Skills
  • Neurons
  • Psychology
  • Simulations
  • Social Sciences
  • Students
  • Task Performance And Analysis
  • Trainees
  • Training

Fields of Study

  • Education
  • Medicine

Readers

  • Instructional Design and Training Evaluation.
  • Military/Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD) Technology
  • Systems Analysis and Design