Accelerating the Rate-Limiting Step in Novel Enzymatic Carbohydrate-to-Hydrogen Technology by Enzyme Engineering

Abstract

Carbohydrate, which is renewable, carbon-neutral, and evenly distributed, will replace oil because of lower costs ($/GJ), better performance in the transport sector, better safety, and more applications (e.g., hydrogen carrier and electricity storage compound). Via AFOSR support, several goals were accomplished (1) demonstration of the highest-yield hydrogen production from cellulosic materials and water by using in vitro synthetic biology platform, (2) a 10-fold increase in enzymatic hydrogen generation rate, (3) validation of numerous enzymes with enough stability for low-cost hydrogen production (i.e., total turn-over number of 10E7-10E9 mol of product/mol of enzyme), and (4) development of the most energy efficient way for the production of low-sulfur jet fuel from biomass sugars by a hybrid of biocatalysis and catalysis. Furthermore, the energy efficiency suggested that a small fraction of the USA biomass resource (i.e., 7%) would be sufficient to replace all imported crude oil if biomass utilization efficiency was increased greatly.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Oct 30, 2011
Accession Number
ADA567201

Entities

People

  • Y. P . Zhang

Organizations

  • Virginia Tech

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Energy and Power Technologies

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Biology
  • Biotechnology
  • Carbohydrates
  • Chemistry
  • Efficiency
  • Energy
  • Energy Efficiency
  • Engineering
  • Fuel Cells
  • Fuels
  • Jet Engine Fuels
  • Materials
  • Petroleum
  • Production
  • Synthetic Biology
  • Systems Biology
  • Systems Engineering

Fields of Study

  • Engineering

Readers

  • Energy Conservation and Renewable Energy Engineering.
  • Microbial Pathology
  • Petroleum Engineering

Technology Areas

  • Biotechnology