Effects of Aging Hardware on Data Quality

Abstract

For over twenty years broadband seismometers have been used for nuclear explosion monitoring at teleseismic distances. Short period seismometers have also been used to improve resolution at higher frequencies (> 1 Hz) over regional distances. At the time of installation, a calibration process is implemented to determine the proper scale factor between digital counts and ground motion for the seismic subsystem (seismometer and digital waveform recorder). This scale factor is called "calib" and is applied at a single period called "calper." Under this framework the instrument response model is stored in a frequency amplitude phase (FAP) format, which normalizes the response to unity at the calper. The two hardware components at a site that are used to construct the calib are the digital waveform recorder (DWR) and the seismometer of interest. The digital waveform recorder has an associated scale factor from counts to volts and the seismometer scale factor between volts and ground motion (valid in the flat portions of the instruments' respective passbands). Under proper calibration, the relative gain between co-located broadband and short period seismometers should be 0 dB across their common passband as defined in their FAP files. Recently, data from eleven stations with co-located broadband and short-period seismometers have been analyzed for their relative gains using a common time window and their most recent calib scale factors. The relative gains vary between 0.4 and 2.0 dB at 1 Hz, which translates into a 4.7% to 26% amplitude scaling difference between the seismometers at 1 Hz. One complicating factor is the calper at 1 Hz for the short-period seismometer. The Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) Facility for Acceptance, Calibration and Testing (FACT) was tasked with assisting our customer in determining the reason for the amplitude scaling differences.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Sep 01, 2011
Accession Number
ADA569471

Entities

People

  • Darren M. Hart
  • Kyle R. Jones

Organizations

  • Sandia National Laboratories

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Energy and Power Technologies
  • Sensors

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Air Force Research Laboratories
  • Amplitude
  • Broadband
  • Calibration
  • Digital Data
  • Explosions
  • Frequency
  • Frequency Bands
  • Ground Based
  • Instrumentation
  • Monitoring
  • Noise
  • Nuclear Explosions
  • Self Noise
  • Sensitivity
  • Standards
  • Stations

Fields of Study

  • Environmental science

Readers

  • Integrated Circuit Design and Technology.
  • Seismology