Glyburide - Novel Prophylaxis and Effective Treatment for Traumatic Brain Injury

Abstract

The overall subject of this project is blast-traumatic brain injury (blast-TBI) and the role of the SUR1-regulated NCCa-ATP channel in blast-TBI. The specific objectives of this project include: (1) develop a standardized rat model of blast-TBI to study the direct transcranial effects of blast on the brain, independent of indirect transthoracic effects; (2) determine the role of the SUR1-regulated NCCa-ATP channel in blast-TBI; (3) in normal human volunteers, determine the safety of the SUR1 blocker, glyburide, as it might be used as prophylaxis against blast-TBI. During the 4th year of this project we performed detailed anatomical evaluation of the cells de novo expressing SUR1 protein, and quantitative measurements of the SUR1 and TRPM4 RNA and proteins after blast injury. We compared cellular responses of the brain to direct delivery of the blast wave to the brain via cranial exposure versus indirect delivery of the blast wave to the brain via thoracic exposure. The most important findings include: (i) cranium only (COBIA) blast impacts brain tissues at density boundaries and brain-blood barrier is minimally altered, (ii) after COBIA injury Sur1 and TRPM4 RNA and protein upregulation is detected as early 4 hours after the blast, (iii) thoracic delivery of the blast results in distinct cerebral perivascular inflammation.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Aug 01, 2012
Accession Number
ADA573506

Entities

People

  • J. M. Simard

Organizations

  • University of Maryland, Baltimore

Tags

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Arteries
  • Blast
  • Blast Injuries
  • Blast Waves
  • Blood
  • Boundaries
  • Brain
  • Brain Injuries
  • Brain Stem
  • Cerebral Edema
  • Measurement
  • Medical Personnel
  • Military Medicine
  • Neurons
  • Preventive Medicine
  • Test And Evaluation
  • Veins

Fields of Study

  • Medicine

Readers

  • Immunology and Pathology
  • Neurotrauma and Rehabilitation Medicine.