Coherence of Sound using Navy Sonars: Deep Water Acoustics

Abstract

The long term goals are to 1) determine when methods can be used to reliably and accurately predict the temporal and spatial coherence of sound at low frequencies in the sea, 2) develop reliable and accurate methods to make such predictions and, 3) determine the physical mechanisms affecting coherence. The first two goals are to be achieved without tuning with data in any way whatsoever. The primary objective is to determine when the temporal and spatial scales of coherence are accurately predicted by solving an approximation of the acoustic wave equation for climatological conditions in the ocean perturbed by a time-evolving field of internal gravity waves following a standard spectrum. These waves have long been thought responsible for coherence in the deep ocean at low frequencies. Despite decades of theoretical work to predict coherence, theoretical models to date are highly unreliable, often being inaccurate by several orders of magnitude. We are comparing numerical predictions for coherence with data collected with Navy sonars. A secondary objective is to understand how to quantify the regions of the ocean that influence acoustic signals that are measured at a receiver. The classic picture of such regions is described by ray paths, which are solutions of the wave equation at high frequency. Modern theories of diffraction have the ability to quantify the regions exactly for any finite frequency and bandwidth (Spiesberger, 2011b). Since the exact regions that influence sound look very different than where rays propagate at low frequency, it may turn out in the long-term that the modern theory will replace the use of rays for many applications in basic research and surveillance.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Sep 30, 2012
Accession Number
ADA575109

Entities

People

  • John L. Spiesberger

Tags

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Acoustic Communications
  • Acoustic Measurement
  • Acoustic Signals
  • Acoustic Waves
  • Acoustics
  • Communication Systems
  • Deep Oceans
  • Deep Water
  • Equations
  • Frequency
  • Gravity Waves
  • Internal Waves
  • Navy
  • Oceans
  • Water
  • Wave Equations
  • Waves

Fields of Study

  • Physics

Readers

  • Acoustical Oceanography.
  • Computational Modeling and Simulation
  • Wave Propagation and Nonlinear Chaotic Dynamics.