Investigation of Singly Ionized Iodine Spectroscopy in Support of Electrostatic Propulsion Diagnostics Development
Abstract
This effort examines the spectroscopy of the second spectrum of the iodine atom (I II) in order to determine one, or more, useful transitions for laser-induced fluorescence of an accelerated atomic iodine singly charged ion (I+). While the second spectrum of iodine has been analyzed, it is not particularly well characterized. Nor has it been studied substantially within a plasma such as those of interest to the spacecraft propulsion community. Our goal is to examine the spectral data available in the literature and determine transitions suitable for development into diagnostics tools, such as laser- induced fluorescence (LIF), to examine the plasma acceleration within an electrostatic plasma propulsion thruster. While xenon remains the preferred propellant for electrostatic spacecraft propulsion, a number of alternative propellants are being analyzed in various laboratories. Some of the propellants that have been investigated in the recent literature include krypton, bismuth, and iodine. Of these alternative propellant candidates, iodine is the least well investigated. However, due to its close mass (127 versus 131 amu) compared to xenon, it has strong potential for use as an electrostatic propulsion propellant. Iodine's benefis include a solid density of 4.9 g/cc, a low boiling point of 183 degrees C. Compared to xenon storage density of 1.2 g/cc at 2,000 psi, or the bismuth boiling point of 1,564 degrees C, there appear to be system level advantages to iodine fueled electrostatic spacecraft propulsion. This effort focuses on the development of a laser-induced fluorescence diagnostic tool for the iodine ion.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Jul 02, 2012
- Accession Number
- ADA577249
Entities
People
- Ashley E. Gonzales
- Jordan S. Lubkeman
- Kahli E. Remy
- William A. Hargus
Organizations
- Air Force Research Laboratory