Acute Lethality of Inhaled Hydrogen Cyanide in the Laboratory Rat: Impact of Concentration x Time Profile and Evaluation of the Predictivity of Toxic Load Models

Abstract

Toxic load models are mathematical calculations (e.g., C[expn n] x t) that are used to estimate consequences (e.g., casualties)from exposure of humans to toxic materials. Hypothetically, any combination of concentration and time that yields the same "toxic load" (cumulative exposure) will give a constant biological response. These formulas have been developed using controlled, constant concentration animal studies, but the validity of applying these assumptions to time-varying exposures has not been tested. The objective of the current study was to generate data to test the validity of toxic load models for extrapolation from constant exposures to time-varying exposures. An inhalation system was developed to create exposure profiles where concentration varied over time. This system proved to be a versatile inhalation exposure system with the ability to control the testing conditions of time-varying exposures as specified in the study protocol to accomplish the specific goals of the study; the system performed very well. Analyses evaluating the fit to the probit model indicated that the data developed using this system are suitable for the dose-response modeling that will be integral to the hypothesis testing.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
May 03, 2013
Accession Number
ADA579551

Entities

People

  • Brian A. Wong
  • Brian Sharits
  • Lisa M. Sweeney
  • Nathan M. Gargas
  • R. A. James
  • Tracy Doyle

Organizations

  • Naval Medical Research Unit Dayton

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Biomedical

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Air Flow
  • Body Weight
  • Chemical Warfare
  • Chemical Warfare Agents
  • Confidence Limits
  • Data Sets
  • Department Of Defense
  • Extrapolation
  • Flow Rate
  • Governments
  • Hydrogen Cyanide
  • Laboratory Animals
  • Materials
  • Risk Analysis
  • Standards
  • Static Pressure
  • Statistical Analysis

Readers

  • Ocean-Atmosphere Mesoscale Modeling, Data Assimilation, and Flux Boundary Layers
  • Theoretical Analysis.
  • Toxicology/Environmental Toxicology