A Continued Study of Polymeric Materials for Protection Against Chemical and Biological Contaminants and Halogen Oxidants for Immobilization in Protective Materials and Coatings
Abstract
This report highlights major findings of a six-year project exploring preparation and use of N-halamines, a class of compounds that can be employed to prepare polymeric materials and coatings for disinfection and detoxification applications: - Novel halogenated hydantoinyl polystyrene beads quickly disinfect potable water. The new beads are less expensive to prepare than an earlier version prepared by functionalizing polystyrene, but equally effective in gravity-feed water filters. As mild oxidizing agents, they can also be used to detoxify water and to neutralize HD or VX. - Several N-halamine coating materials regenerable with hypochlorite were prepared and tested that involve attachment of N-chlorohydantoin moieties to surfaces such as cellulose, polyurethanes, and acrylic paints through siloxane and epoxide tethering groups. 6 -7 log kills of S. aureus and E. coli O157:H7 in <10 min contact are typical. - A new acrylamide monomer capable of loading large amounts of halogen and being copolymerized with a variety of other monomers to create a variety of disinfection applications is described. Coatings so prepared showed considerably better resistance to photodecomposition by sunlight than typical N-halamides. - The mechanism of photodecomposition of N-halamine siloxanes was thoroughly investigated both theoretically and experimentally, and was shown to occur by a Hoffmann -Loeffler rearrangement. This limits the utility of siloxane-tethered N-halamine materials. - N-Halamine polymers can be made water soluble by copolymerization with materials containing charged groups like quaternary ammonium salts, an important step for industrial coating processes as it avoids the use of organic solvents in coating baths.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Mar 01, 2013
- Accession Number
- ADA580703
Entities
People
- R. M. Broughton
- S. D. Worley
Organizations
- Auburn University