Human Paraoxonase Double Mutants Hydrolyze V and G Class Organophosphorus Nerve Agents

Abstract

Variants of human paraoxonase 1 (PON1) are being developed as catalytic bioscavengers for the organophosphorus chemical warfare agents (OP). It is preferable that the new PON1 variants have broad spectrum hydrolase activities to hydrolyze both G- and V-class OPs. H115W PON1 has shown improvements over wild type PON1 in its capacity to hydrolyze some OP compounds. We improved upon these activities either by substituting a tryptophan (F347W) near the putative active site residues for enhanced substrate binding or by reducing a bulky group (Y71A) at the periphery of the putative enzyme active site. When compared to H115W alone, we found that H115W/Y71A and H115W/F347W maintained VX catalytic efficiency but showed mixed results for the capacity to hydrolyze paraoxon. Testing our double mutants against racemic sarin, we observed reduced values of KM for H115W/F347W that modestly improved catalytic efficiency over wild type and H115W. Contrary to previous reports, we show that H115W can hydrolyze soman, and the double mutant H115W/Y71A is nearly 4-fold more efficient than H115W for paraoxon hydrolysis. We also observed modest stereoselectivity for hydrolysis of the P(-) stereoisomer of tabun by H115W/F347W. These data demonstrate enhancements made in PON1 for the purpose of developing an improved catalytic bioscavenger to protect cholinesterase against chemical warfare agents.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Jan 01, 2013
Accession Number
ADA583964

Entities

People

  • Brian J. Bahnson
  • Douglas M. Cerasoli
  • Joseph P. Smith
  • Joseph R. Norris
  • Stephen D. Kirby

Organizations

  • United States Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Biomedical

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Acetylcholinesterases
  • Acids
  • Amino Acids
  • Biomedical Research
  • Blood
  • Central Nervous System
  • Chemical Synthesis
  • Chemical Warfare
  • Chemical Warfare Agents
  • Chemical Weapons
  • Chemistry
  • Engineering
  • Health Services
  • Molecular Dynamics
  • Nerve Agents
  • Nervous System
  • Standards

Readers

  • Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry
  • Neurotoxicology