Adaptability in Crisis Management: The Role of Organizational Structure

Abstract

Teams performing in today's command and control (C2) environment are often faced with complex situations involving sudden and unexpected events that can modify the pace and demands of a situation to a great extent. To function effectively, these teams must adapt to a wide range of circumstances and be efficient in coordinating their actions. Adaptability can be described as undertaking effective actions when necessary, promptly responding to unforeseen circumstances, and effectively adjusting plans to take changes into account (Pulakos et al., 2000). We investigated how teams adapt in crisis management situations characterized by the occurrence of sudden events, depending on their organizational structure. C3Fire, a forest firefighting simulation, was used as the task environment to compare functional (role-specific) and edge-like (decentralized and no specific role assigned) four-person teams. Various dimensions of teamwork and task performance were monitored, based on the occurrence of critical events during different scenarios. The results indicate that edge teams perform better prior to a critical event, but functional teams are able to adapt effectively shortly following the event. Also, the coordination of activities across edge-like teams appears to lose some consistency after critical events. The findings are discussed with regard to requirements for team adaptability and agility in complex C2 environments.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Jun 01, 2013
Accession Number
ADA587021

Entities

People

  • Alexandre Labrecque
  • Isabelle Turcotte
  • Marie-eve Jobidon
  • Sebastien Tremblay
  • Vincent Rousseau

Organizations

  • Defence Research and Development Canada

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Biomedical
  • C4I
  • Human Systems

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Applied Psychology
  • Command And Control
  • Contingency Operations (Military)
  • Crisis Management
  • Flexible Structures
  • Fuel Tanks
  • Human Behavior
  • Human Factors Engineering
  • Human-Machine Systems
  • Organizational Structure
  • Psychology
  • Simulations
  • Situational Awareness
  • Standards
  • Statistical Analysis
  • Teamwork
  • Workload

Readers

  • Systems Analysis and Design
  • Team-Based Human-Centered Cognitive Task Decision Making and Information Performance.

Technology Areas

  • Fully Networked C3
  • Fully Networked C3 - Command and Control