Syria's Chemical Weapons: Issues for Congress

Abstract

Syria has produced, stored, and weaponized chemical agents, but it remains dependent on foreign suppliers for chemical precursors. The regime of President Bashar al Asad possesses stocks of nerve (sarin, VX) and blister (mustard gas) agents, possibly weaponized into bombs, shells, and missiles. The government also has associated production facilities. Chemical weapons and their agents can deteriorate depending on age and quality; little is known from open sources about the current condition of the stockpile. Syria continues to attempt to procure new supplies of chemical weapons precursors, which are dual-use, through front companies in third countries. The use or loss of control of chemical weapons stocks in Syria could have unpredictable consequences for the Syrian population and neighboring countries, as well as U.S. allies and forces in the region. The United States and other countries have assessed that the Syrian government has used chemical weapons against opposition forces in the country. The largest-scale use to date was on August 21, 2013. On August 31, 2013, President Obama stated that the United States should respond with "military action against Syrian regime targets" and added that he would ask Congress to grant authorization for the use of military force. However, President Obama subsequently explained in a September 10 speech that he had asked congressional leaders to postpone a vote to authorize the use of military force to give the Administration time to pursue a new diplomatic initiative. Syrian Foreign Minister Walid Mouallem stated the previous day that Damascus had accepted a proposal presented by the Russian government, according to which Syria would turn over its chemical weapons for international control and supervised destruction. The UN Security Council is discussing a French draft resolution designed to accomplish this goal. Key issues for negotiation include verification procedures, inspectors' access, and personnel security.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Sep 12, 2013
Accession Number
ADA590777

Entities

People

  • Andrew Feickert
  • Mary Beth D. Nikitin
  • Paul K. Kerr

Organizations

  • Library of Congress

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Biomedical

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Arms Control
  • Arms Control Treaties
  • Chemical Warfare
  • Chemical Warfare Agents
  • Chemical Weapons
  • Department Of State
  • Employment
  • Governments
  • Intelligence Community (United States)
  • International Law
  • International Organizations
  • International Relations
  • Military Organizations
  • Mustard Agents
  • National Security
  • Terrorists
  • Weapons Of Mass Destruction

Fields of Study

  • Political science

Readers

  • Educational Psychology
  • Environmental Engineering.
  • International Relations and Conflict Resolution