Post-Vitrification Cure Kinetics of High Temperature Composite Resins: Implications for Characterization and Performance

Abstract

Many high-temperature composite resins, such as cyanate esters, require high temperatures in order to achieve complete cure. In such situations, incomplete conversion often persists in completely solidified "cured" samples, leading to potentially significant degradation in performance. Moreover, the very steep dependence of the glass transition temperature of the composite resin on the extent of cure leads to unusual cure effects such as 1) significant cure below the glass transition temperature 2) cure kinetics that involve extremely strong temperature dependence coupled with very weak dependence on cure time, and 3) unexpected conversion-property relationships (e.g. a decrease in elastic modulus with increasing extent of cure). These effects not only complicate the prediction of composite performance, they also make the determination of even simple properties such as the extent of conversion or glass transition temperature prone to large, difficult-to-detect errors. This paper describes and demonstrates newly developed characterization methods that combine multiple techniques to overcome these difficulties, and allow for a more complete description of the evolving glass transition temperature of composite resins during part fabrication, testing, and performance. In addition, the paper describes how insights into the unusual phenomena associated with resins that cure at high temperature can lead to design strategies for high-temperature composite resins that provide optimal performance.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
May 09, 2013
Accession Number
ADA596974

Entities

People

  • Andrew J. Guenthner
  • Christopher M. Sahagun
  • Joseph M Mabry
  • Josiah T. Reams
  • Matthew C. Davis

Organizations

  • Air Force Research Laboratory

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Energy and Power Technologies
  • Materials and Manufacturing Processes
  • Space

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Air Force
  • Air Force Research Laboratories
  • Composite Materials
  • Conversion
  • Glass
  • Glass Transition Temperature
  • Heat Energy
  • Heat Transmission
  • High Temperature
  • Kinetics
  • Materials Processing
  • Polymers
  • Resins
  • Thermosetting Plastics
  • Transition Temperature
  • Transitions
  • Vitrification

Fields of Study

  • Materials science

Readers

  • Polymer Science and Engineering.
  • Reinforced Composite Materials
  • Systems Analysis and Design