Grain Boundary Complexions

Abstract

Grain boundaries exhibit phase-like behavior in which their structure, chemistry and properties may change discontinuously at critical values of thermodynamic parameters such as temperature, pressure and chemical potential. Therefore, grain boundaries (and other interfaces such as surfaces and heterophase boundaries) can be treated as thermodynamically stable interfacial states. To differentiate these interfacial states from bulk phases, the term complexion has been introduced. A variety of terminology has been used to describe complexions and complexion transitions. In many cases, several terms exist that describe essentially the same phenomenon. We give an overview of complexion-related terminology, suggest a preferred nomenclature and discuss a classification framework that can be used to categorize complexions and complexion transitions. The field of grain boundary complexions has evolved rapidly in the past decade due to advances in experimental equipment in particular, aberration-corrected transmission electron microscopy and progress in computational simulation methods. Grain boundary complexion transitions are the root cause of a wide variety of materials phenomena such as abnormal grain growth, grain boundary embrittlement and activated sintering that have defied mechanistic explanation for years. In this overview, we review the history and theory of grain boundary complexion transitions, their role in materials processing and their effect on materials properties.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
May 01, 2014
Accession Number
ADA601364

Entities

People

  • Gregory S Rohrer
  • Jian Luo
  • Martin P Harmer
  • Ming Tang
  • Patrick R Cantwell
  • Shen J Dillon

Organizations

  • University of Illinois Urbana–Champaign

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Energy and Power Technologies

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Ceramic Materials
  • Chemical Analysis
  • Chemistry
  • Crystal Lattices
  • Crystal Structure
  • Crystals
  • Electron Microscopes
  • High Resolution
  • Material Degradation Processes
  • Materials
  • Materials Engineering
  • Materials Processing
  • Materials Science
  • Materials Testing
  • Molecular Dynamics
  • Phase Transformations
  • Thermodynamics

Readers

  • Metallurgy
  • STEM Education
  • Theoretical Analysis.

Technology Areas

  • Microelectronics