Control of Biofouling using Biodegradable Natural Products
Abstract
Evaluated here are the inhibitory effects on the known film- forming bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa by selected plant extracts and related compounds. Tested were several members of the cinnamic acid group (caffeic, sinapic, 3-hydroxy-4- methoxycinnamic, trans-2,3-dimethoxycinnamic, 2,3-dimethoxycinnamic, and 3,4- dimethoxycinnamic acids), nicotinic and related acids (nicotinic, 2- hydroxynicotinic, 6- hydroxynicotinic, isonicotinic, picolinic, 3-hyroxypicolinic, 6-hydroxypicolinic, and citrazinic acids), benzoic acid derivatives (protocatechuic, gallic, syringic, 3-hydroxy-4- methoxybenzoic, and coumalic acids, 2,4- dihydroxybenzaldehyde, and 3,4,5- trimethoxybenzaldehyde), miscellaneous phenolics (phloroglucinol, hydroxyhydroquinone, rhodizonic acid, eugenol), and selected plant extracts (quillaja, neem, grapefruit seed extract, yucca, pinenes and limonenes). Testing was performed to determine rapid toxicity to Pseudomonas and to determine the lowest observable effective concentration of additive. The family of nicotinic acid derivatives showed significant inhibition of growth of the selected organisms at concentrations suitable for environmental use. One compound in particular, citrazinic acid showed exceptional growth inhibition, and was tested further using Klebsiella pneumoniae and a mixed culture. Based on the results of these tests, this compound has been identified as a potential candidate for use in heat transfer equipment systems.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Oct 01, 2002
- Accession Number
- ADA603755
Entities
People
- Katherine Harper
- Kathleen Fallis
- Rich Ford
Organizations
- Naval Air Systems Command