Drug Response and Resistance in Advanced NF1-Associated Cancers

Abstract

Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML) and other types of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) progress to acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in a substantial proportion of patients. The NF1 gene is frequently inactivated in NF1 patients who develop either JMML or AML. However, AML is a more aggressive malignancy that invariably contains multiple additional genetic alterations that interact with NF1 loss. We have extensively characterized MPN and AML in Nf1 mutant mice and have investigated mechanisms of drug responses and resistance. Our studies of MEK inhibitors in Nf1 mutant mice with MPN and AML showed that cooperating mutations that are acquired as MPN evolves to aggressive AML increase the dependence of these cells on Raf/MEK/ERK signaling. However, drug resistant AML clones rapidly emerge in vivo. We have also shown that we can utilize this novel system to validate genes that cause resistance to MEK inhibitors. Our goal is to deploy genetically accurate mouse models of advanced NF1-associated cancers to identify mutations that cooperate with Nf1 inactivation in cancer progression, to develop a preclinical paradigm for combining conventional and targeted anti-cancer agents in vivo, and to uncover mechanisms of drug response and resistance. To date, we have generated a robust system for modulating gene expression in primary leukemia cells in vivo, generated data that support the hypothesis that AML cells remain dependent on Nf1 inactivation for robust growth, found that treatment with CPX-351 prolongs the survival of Nf1 mice, and have begun testing combination regimens.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
May 01, 2014
Accession Number
ADA606201

Entities

People

  • Kevin Shannon

Organizations

  • University of California, San Francisco

Tags

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Blood
  • Bone Marrow
  • Bone Marrow Cells
  • Cancer
  • Cell Line
  • Cells
  • Chemotherapy
  • Diseases And Disorders
  • Inhibitors
  • Leukemia
  • Leukocytes
  • Lymphatic Diseases
  • Medical Personnel
  • Molecules
  • Neoplasms
  • Neuromuscular Diseases
  • Therapy

Fields of Study

  • Biology

Readers

  • Molecular and genetic basis of cancer.
  • Oncology

Technology Areas

  • Biotechnology
  • Biotechnology - Cancer Biotech