Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Attenuating Age-Related Bone Loss
Abstract
Bone loss that results from age-related and post-menopausal osteoporosis, and the resulting increase in bone fractures, is an important health problem in the United States and worldwide. The most widely prescribed therapies for osteoporosis include bisphosphonates such as, Fosamax, Actonel, and Boniva, parathyroid hormone, known as Forteo, and calcitonin, known as Miacalcin. However, side effects associated with these compounds have been reported. Bisposphonates, which halt bone destruction but do not affect bone formation, are associated with gastrointestinal problems when taken orally and may cause osteonecrosis in cancer patients and bone pain in other patients when administered intravenously. Forteo does actually increase bone formation but must be injected subcutaneously daily and if given for extended periods can increase bone resorption. Finally, Miacalcin has only a moderate affect on bone. Therefore, there is a need for safer and more efficacious osteoporoses therapies especially those that stimulate new bone formation. New bone formation results from adult mesenchymal stem cells developing into bone forming osteoblastic cells. However, recent data suggest that the ability of adult mesenchymal stem cells to develop into osteoblastic cells decreases as we age. Indeed, this may strongly contribute to osteoporosis. This suggests that using mesenchymal stem cells, which are derived from the individual that has osteoporosis, to treat osteoporosis may be a promising therapeutic approach. Unfortunately, the availability of mesenchymal stem cells is limited, especially in aged individuals. Therefore, we are proposing to derive mesenchymal stem cells form induced pluripotent cells. Induced pluripotent cells are cells taken from adult tissue, for instance fibroblasts from skin, which can be reprogrammed to develop into any cell in the body including mesenchymal stem cells. These cells could then be used to treat osteoporosis, an approach that has not been taken yet.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Sep 01, 2013
- Accession Number
- ADA606237
Entities
People
- Alayna Loiselle
- Christopher Niyibizi
- Henry J. Donohue
Organizations
- Pennsylvania State University