Demonstration of Diesel Engine Air Emissions Reduction Technologies

Abstract

Diesel engines are widely used throughout the Department of Defense (DoD) for powering tactical and nontactical vehicles and vessels, off-road vehicles and equipment, engine-generator sets, aircraft ground-support equipment, and a variety of other applications. Although diesel engines are known to emit several types of pollutants into the atmosphere, human health concerns regarding the penetration of the small particulate matter (PM) into the deeper regions of the lungs have greatly increased interest in diesel PM emissions in the recent past. PM emissions are regulated as a criteria pollutant by the National Ambient Air Quality Standards established by the Clean Air Act (CAA). Although most regulations are directed at the certification of new diesel engines, increasingly, emphasis is being placed on in-service engines. The California Air Resources Board (CARB) has issued PM control regulations requiring the retrofit of school buses, garbage trucks, and offroad vehicles. To address these compliance requirements, many exhaust gas treatment devices are coming onto the market, but the selection of the optimal one (which also must meet the approval of applicable regulatory bodies) depends on several factors that must be evaluated for each application. This project demonstrated two diesel engine exhaust gas treatment devices believed to have the potential for assisting the DoD in meeting applicable PM regulatory requirements. In both cases, the technology consists of a high-temperature filter designed to remove the PM from the exhaust stream. The difference between the two filter designs involves the filter pore size and thus their ability to capture the PM emissions (50% vs. 85% PM reduction), as well as their method for regeneration. Both filters include the ability for in-use regeneration, the difference is the fact that one is regenerated passively, using only the heat of the engine, while the other is actively regenerated using direct fuel injection into the filter.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Dec 01, 2008
Accession Number
ADA606994

Entities

People

  • Norman Helgeson

Organizations

  • Environmental Security Technology Certification Program

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Biomedical
  • Ground and Sea Platforms
  • Human Systems
  • Space
  • Weapons Technologies

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Air Pollution
  • Biodiesels
  • Chemical Synthesis
  • Chemistry
  • Commerce
  • Computer Programming
  • Control Systems
  • Diesel Engines
  • Diesel Fuels
  • Engines
  • Hydrocarbons
  • Liquid Chromatography
  • Organic Chemistry
  • Performance Tests
  • Test And Evaluation
  • Test Methods
  • Volatile Organic Compounds

Readers

  • Government and Public Administration Law.
  • Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) Technology.