Molecular Transport in Ionic Polymer Membranes Under an Applied Voltage

Abstract

Herein, we present direct measurements of ion dynamics of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (EMIm-TFSI) in an operating EDLC with electrodes composed of porous nanosized carbide-derived carbons (CDCs) and non-porous onion-like carbons (OLCs) with the use of in situ infrared spectroelectrochemistry. For CDC electrodes, IL ions (both cations and anions) were directly observed entering and exiting CDC nanopores during charging and discharging of the EDLC. Conversely, for OLC electrodes, IL ions were observed in close proximity to the OLC surface without any change in the bulk electrolyte concentration during charging and discharging of the EDLC. This provides experimental evidence that charge is stored on the surface of OLCs in OLC EDLCs without long-range ion transport through the bulk electrode. In addition, for CDC EDLCs with mixed electrolytes of IL and propylene carbonate (PC), the IL ions were observed entering and exiting CDC nanopores, while PC entrance into the nanopores was IL concentration dependent. This work provides direct experimental confirmation of EDLC charging mechanisms that previously were restricted to computational simulations and theories. The experimental measurements presented here also provide deep insights about the molecular level transport of IL ions in EDLC electrodes that will impact the design of materials for electrical energy storage.

Open PDF

Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Nov 22, 2013
Accession Number
ADA607054

Entities

People

  • Y.a. Elabd

Organizations

  • Drexel University

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Advanced Electronics
  • Energy and Power Technologies

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Capacitors
  • Carbonate Esters
  • Chemistry
  • Department Of Defense
  • Electrochemical Capacitors
  • Electrolytes
  • Energy Storage
  • Engineering
  • Infrared Spectroscopy
  • Ionic Liquids
  • Materials
  • Measurement
  • Physical Chemistry
  • Spectroscopy
  • Storage
  • Students
  • Supercapacitors

Readers

  • Electrochemical Engineering/ Fuel Cell Technologies
  • Nanocomposite Materials Science