Hyperintense White Matter Lesions in 50 High-Altitude Pilots with Neurologic Decompression Sickness

Abstract

Neurologic decompression sickness (NDCS) can affect high-altitude pilots, causing variable central nervous system symptoms. Five recent severe episodes prompted further investigation. We report the hyperintense white matter (HWM) lesion imaging findings in 50 U-2 pilot volunteers and compare 12 U-2 pilots who experienced clinical NDCS to 38 U-2 pilots who did not. The imaging data were collected using a 3T magnetic resonance imaging scanner and high-resolution (1-mm isotropic) three-dimensional fluidattenuated inversion recovery sequence. Whole-brain and regional lesion volume and number were compared between groups. The NDCS group had significantly increased whole brain and insular volumes of HWM lesions. The intergroup difference in lesion numbers was not significant. A clinical episode of NDCS was associated with a significant increase in HWM lesion volume, especially in the insula. We postulate this to be due to hypobaric exposure rather than hypoxia since all pilots were maintained on 100% oxygen throughout the flight. Further studies will be necessary to better understand the pathophysiology underlying these lesions.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Dec 01, 2012
Accession Number
ADA607836

Entities

People

  • Andrew Y. Robinson
  • Anthony C. Brown
  • David F Tate
  • Paul M. Sherman
  • Peter T. Fox
  • Peter V. Kochunov
  • Stephen A McGuire

Organizations

  • United States Air Force School of Aerospace Medicine

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Biomedical

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Aerospace Medicine
  • Air Force
  • Air Force Research Laboratories
  • Altitude
  • Brain
  • Brain Injuries
  • Central Nervous System
  • Decompression
  • Decompression Sickness
  • Diseases And Disorders
  • High Altitude
  • High Resolution
  • Measurement
  • Nervous System
  • Sequences
  • Statistical Analysis
  • Three Dimensional

Fields of Study

  • Medicine

Readers

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  • Neuroscience
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