Whole-body Motion Planning with Simple Dynamics and Full Kinematics

Abstract

To plan dynamic, whole-body motions for robots one conventionally faces the choice between a complex, fullbody dynamic model containing every link and actuator of the robot, or a highly simplified model of the robot as a point mass. In this paper we explore a powerful middle ground between these extremes. We present an approach to generate whole-body motions using a simple dynamics model, which enforces that the linear and angular momentum of the robot be consistent with the external wrenches on the robot, and a full-body kinematics model that enforces rich geometric constraints, such as end-effector positioning or collision avoidance. We obtain a trajectory for the robot and profiles of contact wrenches by solving a nonlinear optimization problem (NLP). We further demonstrate that we can plan without pre-specifying the contact sequence by exploiting the complementarity conditions between contact forces and contact distance. We demonstrate that this algorithm is capable of generating highly-dynamic motion plans with examples of a humanoid robot negotiating obstacle course elements and gait optimization for a quadrupedal robot.

Open PDF

Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Aug 01, 2014
Accession Number
ADA608253

Entities

People

  • Andres Valenzuela
  • Hongkai Dai
  • Rus Tedrake

Organizations

  • Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Autonomy

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Actuators
  • Algorithms
  • Angular Momentum
  • Collision Avoidance
  • Collisions
  • Computer Science
  • Dynamics
  • Geometry
  • Kinematics
  • Momentum
  • Motion Planning
  • Optimization
  • Physics
  • Robotics
  • Robots
  • Sequences
  • Trajectories

Readers

  • Operations Research
  • Robotics and Automation.

Technology Areas

  • AI & ML
  • AI & ML - Autonomous Systems
  • AI & ML - Bayesian Inference
  • AI & ML - Machine Learning Algorithms
  • Autonomy