Signal-to-Noise Ratio Effects on Aperture Synthesis for Digital Holographic Ladar

Abstract

The cross-range resolution of a ladar system can be improved by synthesizing a large aperture from multiple smaller sub-apertures. This aperture synthesis requires a coherent combination of the sub-apertures; that is, the sub-apertures must be properly phased and placed with respect to each other. One method that has been demonstrated in the literature to coherently combine the sub-apertures is to cross-correlate the speckle patterns imaged in overlapping regions. This work investigates the effect of low SNR on an efficient speckle cross-correlation registration algorithm with sub-pixel accuracy. Specifically, the algorithms ability to estimate relative piston and tilt errors between sub-apertures at low signal levels is modeled and measured. The effects of these errors on image quality are examined using the MTF as a metric. The results demonstrate that in the shot noise limit, with signal levels as low as about 0.02 signal photoelectrons per pixel in a typical CCD, the registration algorithm estimates relative piston and tilt accurately to within 0.1 radians of true piston and 0.1 waves of true tilt. If the sub-apertures are not accurately aligned in the synthetic aperture, then the image quality degrades as the number of sub-apertures increases.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Aug 01, 2014
Accession Number
ADA608962

Entities

People

  • David Rabb
  • Edward Watson
  • Maureen Crotty

Organizations

  • Air Force Research Laboratory

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Air Platforms
  • Energy and Power Technologies

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Accuracy
  • Air Force
  • Air Force Research Laboratories
  • Algorithms
  • Charge Coupled Devices
  • Cross Correlation
  • Data Processing
  • Detection
  • Detectors
  • Gaussian Distributions
  • Information Science
  • Laser Radar
  • Probability Distributions
  • Quantum Efficiency
  • Random Variables
  • Shot Noise
  • Synthetic Aperture Radar

Fields of Study

  • Physics

Readers

  • Control Systems Engineering.
  • Image Processing and Computer Vision.

Technology Areas

  • Microelectronics