Using Theory and Simulation to Design Active Materials with Sensory and Adaptive Capabilities

Abstract

Our aim was to design soft, active materials that: 1) function in an autonomous, self-sustained way, 2) perform multiple, complex functions, and 3) alter their functionality in a "programmable" manner in response to external stimuli. We took advantage of the unique properties offered by polymer gels undergoing the Belousov-Zhabotinsky (BZ) reaction. The BZ gels can transduce chemical energy into mechanical oscillations in the absence of external stimuli. Consequently, these polymer networks can perform autonomous mechanical work. The ruthenium catalyst, which drives the BZ reaction, is typically uniformly distributed within the gel so the material is chemically and physically homogeneous. A level of structural heterogeneity and hierarchy is, however, generally necessary for materials to display higher order or complex functionality. For this reason, we focused on designing heterogeneous or chemically patterned BZ gels, where the catalyst is confined to distinct patches ("BZ patches") within the polymer network. Such heterogeneous gels provide a route for controlling the dynamic behavior and thus, the properties of the system. Furthermore, a number of functions can be integrated within one sample.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Sep 17, 2014
Accession Number
ADA612783

Entities

People

  • Anna C. Balazs

Organizations

  • University of Pittsburgh

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Autonomy

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Air Force
  • Air Force Facilities
  • Air Force Research Laboratories
  • Catalysts
  • Chemical Reactions
  • Department Of Defense
  • Information Operations
  • Materials
  • Mechanical Energy
  • Military Research
  • Oscillation
  • Scientific Research
  • Self Propelled
  • Traveling Waves
  • Two Dimensional
  • Wave Propagation
  • Waves

Readers

  • Marine Ecological Systems Migration
  • Nanocomposite Materials Science