Acute Dermal Irritation Study In New Zealand White Rabbits: Four Alcohol-to-Jet (ATJ) Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (SPK) Alternative Jet Fuels Compared With Petroleum-Derived JP-8
Abstract
The objective of this study was to compare the dermal irritation potential of four synthetic paraffinic kerosene (SPK) fuels produced by the alcohol to jet (ATJ) process with irritation produced by petroleum-derived JP-8. ATJ SPK alternative fuels are produced by the dehydration and refining of an isobutanol or similar alcohol feedstock. Two ATJ SPK fuels were produced by Gevo, Inc.; one was produced from petrochemical sources (Gevo ATJ SPK (non-bio)) and the other was bio-derived (Gevo ATJ SPK (bio)). The remaining two ATJ SPK fuels were produced by Swedish Biofuels AB; the original formula (SB ATJ SPK (old)) and the current version (SB ATJ SPK (new)) were both tested. A score of moderately irritating, as evaluated by the Primary Dermal Irritation Index (PDII) and Descriptive Rating, was calculated for the occluded exposures to all fuels except the Gevo ATJ SPK (non-bio), which was only slightly irritating when occluded. Slightly irritating scores were calculated for all semi-occluded exposures. All fuel exposures resulted in very slight to slight remaining erythema and/or edema through study day 14. Normal handling of these ATJ SPK fuels by airmen, alone or in a 50:50 blend with petroleum-derived JP-8, is not expected to result in increased irritation beyond that of current JP-8 fuels.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Sep 19, 2014
- Accession Number
- ADA616470
Entities
People
- David R. Mattie
- Jonathan M. Hurley
- Linda M. Shafer
- Richard C. Striebich
- Teresa R Sterner
Organizations
- Air Force Research Laboratory