Latent Scope Bias in Categorization

Abstract

Categories often have unobservable diagnostic features. For example, if a person is a lawyer, one might expect him to be both well dressed and knowledgeable about the law. However, without observing the person in a courtroom, one cannot tell whether or not he is knowledgeable about the law. How might we categorize the well-dressed person before we know whether or not he possesses a particular category feature? Two studies showed that, all else equal, individuals prefer to group exemplars into categories that specify fewer unobserved and unobservable features--i.e., those that have a narrower latent scope--to those with a broader latent scope. In Experiment 1, participants were more likely to classify novel exemplars as part of a social category that had a narrower latent scope in a verbal task. Experiment 2 demonstrated that the scope bias generalizes to contexts in which category structure is never explicitly specified.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Jan 01, 2014
Accession Number
ADA618912

Entities

People

  • Abigail B. Sussman
  • Daniel M. Oppenheimer
  • Sangeet S. Khemlani

Organizations

  • United States Naval Research Laboratory

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Biomedical

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Causal Reasoning
  • Cognition
  • Cognitive Science
  • Electronic Mail
  • Judgment
  • Perception
  • Psychology
  • Reasoning
  • Social Psychology
  • Thinking

Fields of Study

  • Psychology

Readers

  • Criminal Law
  • Instructional Design and Training Evaluation.
  • Neural Network Machine Learning.