Mechanical and Electrical Characterization of Novel Carbon Nano Fiber Ultralow Density Foam

Abstract

Concomitant mechanical and electrical testing of carbon nanofiber foam samples, generated using the constrained formation of fibrous nanostructures process reveal the material to be a unique ultra-low-density foam with electrical properties appropriate for application as strain gauge. Samples of CFF, essentially a solid mat of intertwined nanofibers of pure carbon, were grown in a steel mold at ~550 Celsius (C) from a variety of catalysts exposed to fuel rich mixtures of ethylene and oxygen. Only those created from palladium (Pd) particle catalysts were found to produce macroscopic objects sufficiently robust for static and dynamic stress/strain tests. Transient and dynamic tests were used to fully characterize the mechanical properties of the novel foam. These tests clearly demonstrated that the material generated from Pd particles has viscoelastic behavior. The foam was subjected to compression cycles over diverse periods of time employing a die to maintain a fixed cross sectional area. The ultralow density material has a modulus of ~3.5 MPa, close to the one encountered in rubber-like substances. Given its carbonaceous nature, the new foam maintains its thermal stability up to 550 C in air. Simultaneous resistance/stress/strain measurements showed that there is a linear relationship between electrical resistance and strain that is remarkably consistent over many cycles. The novel ultralow density foam has many potential applications including sensing element of a strain gauge or energy absorber.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Dec 01, 2013
Accession Number
ADA620429

Entities

People

  • D. C. Daskam

Organizations

  • Naval Postgraduate School

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Advanced Electronics

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Carbon Nanotube Composites
  • Carbon Nanotubes
  • Composite Materials
  • Electrical Properties
  • Material Degradation Processes
  • Materials
  • Materials Laboratories
  • Materials Processing
  • Materials Science
  • Materials Testing
  • Measurement
  • Mechanical Properties
  • Mechanical Working
  • Modulus Of Elasticity
  • Nanotechnology
  • Strain Gages
  • Stress Strain Relations

Fields of Study

  • Materials science

Readers

  • Combustion science or combustion engineering.
  • Mechanical Engineering/Mechanics of Materials.
  • Nanocomposite Materials Science

Technology Areas

  • Biotechnology
  • Microelectronics