Harnessing Next-Generation Sequencing Capabilities for Microbial Forensics

Abstract

The low cost and relative ease of obtaining, producing, and disseminating pathogenic organisms or biological toxins in an act of bioterrorism is a significant concern in the United States and other parts of the world. The United States Government began a new civilian biodefense program as early as 1996, motivated by a combination of (1) high-profile terrorist events in the U.S., (2) the extent of chemical and biological warfare program development in Iraq and the former Soviet Union, and (3) both real and functional accounts of biological threats to the American population. Using next-generation sequencing and bioinformatics technologies to sequence and analyze the whole genomes of emerging pathogens is a capability that can provide genetic analysis of pathogens in a microbial forensics investigation with the highest possible resolution, and can assist in discriminating between natural, accidental, and deliberate causes for infectious disease outbreaks. Here we review NGS and bioinformatics technologies, giving an account of current, near, and long-term capabilities and limitations. Through a series of case studies, we show how NGS and bioinformatics technology can assist in determining whether an infectious disease outbreak is due to accidental, deliberate, or intentional causes and provide recommendations on a path forward to future deployable capability.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Jul 15, 2014
Accession Number
ADA625709

Entities

People

  • Carol Gilchrist
  • Erik Hewlett
  • Maragaret Riley
  • Stephen D. Turner
  • William A. Petri Jr.

Organizations

  • University of Virginia

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Biomedical

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Bacteriology
  • Biological Toxins
  • Disease Outbreaks
  • Genetic Engineering
  • Genetics
  • Health Services
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Medical Personnel
  • Microbial Genome
  • Microbiology
  • Microbiomes
  • Microorganisms
  • National Security
  • Public Health
  • United States
  • Urban Areas

Fields of Study

  • Biology

Readers

  • Critical Infrastructure Protection in CBRN and WMD Threats.
  • Molecular and genetic basis of cancer.
  • Systems Analysis and Design

Technology Areas

  • Biotechnology