Variational and PDE-Based Methods for Big Data Analysis, Classification and Image Processing Using Graphs

Abstract

We present several graph-based algorithms for image processing and classification of high-dimensional data. The first (semi-supervised) method uses a graph adaptation of the classical numerical Merriman-Bence-Osher (MBO) scheme, and can be extended to the multiclass case via the Gibbs simplex. We show examples of the application of the algorithm in the areas of image inpainting (both binary and grayscale), image segmentation and classification on benchmark data sets. We have also applied this algorithm to the problem of object detection using hyper-spectral video sequences as a data set. In addition, a second related model is introduced. It uses a diffuse interface model based on the Ginzburg-Landau functional, related to total variation compressed sensing and image processing. A multiclass extension is introduced using the Gibbs simplex with the functional's double-well potential modified to handle the multiclass case. The version minimizes the functional using a convex splitting numerical scheme. In our computations, we make use of fast numerical solvers for finding the eigenvectors and eigenvalues of the graph Laplacian and take advantage of the sparsity of the matrix. Experiments on benchmark data sets show that our models produce results that are comparable with or outperform the state-of-the-art algorithms. The second (semi-supervised) method develops a global minimization framework for binary classification of high-dimensional data. It combines recent convex optimization methods for image processing with recent graph based variational models for data segmentation. Two convex splitting algorithms are proposed, where graph-based PDE techniques are used to solve some of the subproblems. It is shown that global minimizers can be guaranteed for semi-supervised segmentation with two regions.

Open PDF

Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Jan 01, 2015
Accession Number
ADA626220

Entities

People

  • Ekaterina Merkurjev

Organizations

  • University of California, Los Angeles

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • C4I
  • Energy and Power Technologies
  • Space

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Algorithms
  • Applied Mathematics
  • Computational Science
  • Computations
  • Data Analysis
  • Data Science
  • Data Sets
  • Detection
  • Differential Equations
  • Eigenvalues
  • Eigenvectors
  • Equations
  • Image Processing
  • Image Segmentation
  • Machine Learning
  • Mathematics
  • Supervised Machine Learning

Fields of Study

  • Computer science

Readers

  • Computer Vision.
  • Neural Network Machine Learning.
  • Operations Research

Technology Areas

  • AI & ML
  • AI & ML - Machine Learning Algorithms