Inter-species Extrapolation of Skin Heating Resulting from Millimeter Wave Irradiation: Modeling and Experimental Results
Abstract
This study reports measurements of the skin surface temperature elevations during localized irradiation (94 GHz) of three species: rat (irradiated on lower abdomen), rhesus monkey (posterior forelimb), and human (posterior forearm). Two exposure conditions were examined: prolonged, low power density microwaves (LPM) and short-term, high power density microwaves (HPM). Temperature histories were compared with calculations from a bio-heat transfer model. The mean peak surface temperature increase was approximately 7.0 degrees C for the short-term HPM exposures for all three species/locations, and 8.5 degrees C (monkey, human) to 10.5 degrees C (rat) for the longer-duration LPM exposures. The HPM temperature histories are in close agreement with a one-dimensional conduction heat transfer model with negligible blood flow. The LPM temperature histories were compared with calculations from the bio-heat model, evaluated for various (constant) blood flow rates. Results suggest a variable blood flow model, reflecting a dynamic thermoregulatory response, may be more suited to describing skin surface temperature response under long duration MMW irradiation.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- May 01, 2003
- Accession Number
- ADA628296
Entities
People
- D. A. Nelson
- J. M. Ziriax
- K. B. Emerton
- K. L. Ryan
- L. R. Johnson
- P. A. Mason
- T. J. Walters
- W. D. Hurt
Organizations
- United States Army Institute of Surgical Research