Intrathoracic Pressure Regulator for Blood Loss

Abstract

Hemorrhagic shock is a leading cause of death in combat, yet potentially survivable with early intervention. This is especially true in patients with head injury. Resuscitative measures, e.g., fluid therapy, can be lifesaving; however, delays in intravenous access and differential fluid responsiveness result in over- and under-resuscitation. Intrathoracic pressure regulation (ITPR) is an emerging technology used to treat hypovolemia and cardiac arrest. Preclinical trials demonstrate that ITPR increases venous return and thereby restores blood pressure and perfusion. We compared the effect of ITPR to placebo in restoring hemodynamics after hemorrhage under general anesthesia. A secondary aim was to determine if ITPR could reduce the fluid burden of hemorrhage. Based on group-to-group comparisons, ITPR had limited effect on improving mean arterial pressure and other hemodynamic responses. However, in some subjects, when ITPR is implemented, improvement in stroke volume, other indices of perfusion, and volume sparing occurs. While fluid resuscitation is the standard of care in hypovolemic hemorrhagic shock, delays in treatment can be potentially fatal. We have shown that there is an increase in the stroke volume and diastolic ventricular compliance using an ITPR in mild hypovolemic subjects. The mechanism of this process is unknown, but is likely due to the increased negative pressure generated throughout the thoracic cavity. In some patients, ITPR could bridge a delay in hemorrhage treatment. Further studies are needed to explore the precise mechanism and whether similar results are achieved.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
May 24, 2016
Accession Number
ADA635947

Entities

People

  • Aristedes Koutrouvelis
  • Dani Solanki
  • George C. Kramer
  • Husong Li
  • Michael Salter
  • Mike Kinsky
  • Muzna Kahn
  • Richard D Branson
  • Roger Seeton
  • Sheryl Henkel

Organizations

  • University of Cincinnati

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Biomedical

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Air Force
  • Anesthesia
  • Blood
  • Blood Volume
  • Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena
  • Cardiovascular System
  • Health Services
  • Heart
  • Hemorrhage
  • Hemorrhagic Shock
  • Medical Personnel
  • Standards
  • Thorax

Fields of Study

  • Medicine

Readers

  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Trauma Surgery or Emergency Medicine.