Dynamics of Nanosecond Spark-Gap Channels

Abstract

S.I. Braginskii [1] showed that the resistive collapse of a very fast spark discharge in a gas is governed in large part by the radial expansion of a cylindrical shock wave, which rapidly increases the cross-sectional area of the conducting channel. Though this model has been shown to give good qualitative agreement with experiment by a number of authors, it contains assumptions that are not a priori justified. In particular, it assumes that electrical conductivity remains constant during channel expansion, implying that hydrodynamic, radiative, and thermal cooling are precisely offset by Joule heating. In this paper we show that data by Sorensen and Ristic [2] at the nanosecond timescale is not, in fact, well modeled by constant electrical conductivity. Instead, we find that conductivity must increase considerably during the first quarter cycle in order to agree well with their data. To better understand the energy balance of an expanding, Joule heated channel we have performed one-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic simulations to model in detail the transport of energy out of it. We find that at the nanosecond timescale, radiation and thermal transport are insufficient to keep the channel temperature from rising rapidly at early time.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Jun 01, 1999
Accession Number
ADA636360

Entities

People

  • E. Kunhardt
  • J. M. Lehr
  • K. J. Davis
  • N. F. Roderick
  • R. C. Pate
  • T. W. Hussey

Organizations

  • Air Force Research Laboratory

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Energy and Power Technologies

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Air Force Research Laboratories
  • Conductivity
  • Dynamics
  • Electrical Conductivity
  • Electromagnetic Fields
  • Energy
  • Equations
  • Inductance
  • Nanosecond Time
  • Physics
  • Pulsed Power
  • Radiation
  • Shock
  • Shock Waves
  • Simulations
  • Spark Gaps
  • Transport Ships

Fields of Study

  • Physics

Readers

  • Electrical Engineering
  • Fluid Dynamics.
  • Thermal Physics or Thermal Science.